Hasken rana yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki.Ayyukansa shine canza makamashin hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki, sa'an nan kuma fitar da wutar lantarki na DC don adanawa a cikin baturi.Yawan jujjuyawar sa da rayuwar sabis sune mahimman abubuwa don sanin ko tantanin rana yana da ƙimar amfani.
Kwayoyin hasken rana suna kunshe da inganci mai inganci (fiye da 21%) monocrystalline silicon solar cell don tabbatar da isasshiyar wutar lantarki ta hanyar hasken rana.Gilashin an yi shi da ƙaramin gilashin fata mai ƙarancin ƙarfe (wanda kuma aka sani da farin gilashin), wanda ke da watsawa sama da 91% a cikin kewayon kewayon raƙuman raƙuman hasken rana, kuma yana da babban haske don hasken infrared wanda ya fi 1200 nm.A lokaci guda kuma, gilashin na iya jure wa hasken hasken ultraviolet na hasken rana ba tare da rage watsawa ba.EVA tana ɗaukar fim ɗin EVA mai inganci tare da kauri na 0.78mm wanda aka ƙara tare da wakili na anti ultraviolet, antioxidant da wakili na warkewa azaman wakili na rufewa don sel hasken rana da wakili mai haɗawa tsakanin gilashi da TPT, wanda ke da babban watsawa da ƙarfin tsufa.
Murfin baya na TPT hasken rana - fim din fluoroplastic fari ne, wanda ke nuna hasken rana, don haka an inganta ingantaccen tsarin.Saboda yawan iskar infrared ɗinsa, yana kuma iya rage zafin aiki na na'urar, kuma yana da amfani don inganta ingantaccen tsarin.Firam ɗin alloy na aluminum da aka yi amfani da shi don firam ɗin yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da juriya mai ƙarfi na inji.Har ila yau, shi ne bangare mafi mahimmanci na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki.Ayyukansa shine canza ƙarfin hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki, ko aika shi zuwa baturin ajiya don ajiya, ko haɓaka aikin lodi.
Ka'idar Aiki Na Solar Panel
Hasken rana na'ura ce ta semiconductor wacce ke iya canza makamashin haske kai tsaye zuwa makamashin lantarki.Asalin tsarin sa ya ƙunshi mahaɗar semiconductor PN.Ɗaukar mafi yawan al'adar siliki PN tantanin hasken rana a matsayin misali, an tattauna dalla-dalla dalla-dalla game da sauya makamashin haske zuwa makamashin lantarki.
Kamar yadda muka sani, abubuwan da ke da adadi mai yawa na caja mai motsi kyauta kuma masu sauƙin gudanar da halin yanzu ana kiran su conductors.Gabaɗaya, karafa sune madugu.Misali, tafiyar da jan karfe yana da kusan 106/(Ω. cm).Idan aka yi amfani da ƙarfin lantarki na 1V zuwa saman biyu masu dacewa na cube na jan karfe 1cm x 1cm x 1cm, yanzu na 106A zai gudana tsakanin saman biyun.A daya karshen akwai abubuwa da suke da matukar wuya a gudanar da halin yanzu, da ake kira insulators, kamar yumbu, mica, maiko, roba, da dai sauransu. Misali, conductivity na quartz (SiO2) ne game da 10-16 / (Ω. cm). .Semiconductor yana da conductivity tsakanin madugu da insulator.Its conductivity ne 10-4 ~ 104/(Ω. cm).Semiconductor na iya canza halayensa a cikin kewayon da ke sama ta ƙara ƙaramin ƙazanta.Ƙarfafawar isassun tsaftataccen semiconductor zai ƙaru sosai tare da hawan zafin jiki.
Semiconductors na iya zama abubuwa, kamar silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), selenium (Se), da sauransu;Hakanan yana iya zama fili, kamar cadmium sulfide (Cds), gallium arsenide (GaAs), da sauransu;Hakanan yana iya zama alloy, kamar Ga, AL1 ~ XAs, inda x shine kowane lamba tsakanin 0 da 1. Yawancin kayan lantarki na semiconductor ana iya bayyana su ta hanyar samfuri mai sauƙi.Lambar atomic na silicon shine 14, don haka akwai electrons 14 a waje da tsakiya na atomic.Daga cikin su, 10 electrons a cikin Layer na ciki an daure su tam da atomium nucleus, yayin da 4 electrons a cikin Layer na waje ba a daure su da atomic nucleus.Idan aka sami isasshen makamashi, za a iya raba shi daga tsakiya na atomic kuma ya zama free electrons, barin rami a matsayin asali a lokaci guda.Electrons ana cajin mara kyau kuma ana cajin ramuka da kyau.Electrons guda huɗu da ke saman Layer na silicon nucleus kuma ana kiran su valence electrons.
A cikin siliki crystal, akwai atom ɗin da ke kusa da su guda huɗu a kusa da kowane zarra da kuma electrons valence guda biyu tare da kowane atom ɗin da ke kusa, suna samar da harsashi 8-atom.Yana ɗaukar makamashi 1.12eV don raba electron daga siliki atom, wanda ake kira gap siliki band.Waɗanda keɓaɓɓun electrons sune electrons masu sarrafa kyauta, waɗanda zasu iya motsawa cikin yardar kaina kuma su watsa halin yanzu.Lokacin da lantarki ya kubuta daga zarra, ya bar wani wuri, wanda ake kira rami.Electrons daga atom ɗin da ke kusa da su na iya cika ramin, wanda zai sa ramin ya motsa daga wuri ɗaya zuwa wani sabo, don haka ya zama na yanzu.Halin da ake samu ta hanyar kwararar electrons daidai yake da na yanzu da aka samar lokacin da ramin da aka caje mai inganci ya motsa ta gaba da gaba.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-03-2019