18 ga Oktoba, 2022 7:49 na safe
STAFFORD, VIRGINIA -
Wa ya ce babu wani sabon abu a ƙarƙashin rana?
Daya daga cikin sabbin sabbin hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarkin da ba sa gurbata muhalli shi ne masu yawo da hotuna masu yawo, ko kuma FPV, wanda ya hada da toshe hanyoyin hasken rana a cikin ruwa, musamman tafkuna, tafkunan ruwa da kuma tekuna.Wasu ayyuka a Asiya sun haɗa dubunnan bangarori don samar da ɗaruruwan megawatts.
FPV ya fara farawa a Asiya da Turai inda yake da ma'anar tattalin arziki mai yawa tare da buɗe ƙasa mai daraja sosai ga noma.
An shigar da tsarin farko masu sassaucin ra'ayi a cikin Japan da kuma a gidan inabi na California a cikin 2007 da 2008.
A kan ƙasa, aikin megawatt ɗaya yana buƙatar tsakanin hekta ɗaya zuwa 1.6.
Ayyukan hasken rana masu iyo sun fi kyau idan za a iya gina su a kan jikunan ruwa da ke kusa da tashoshin wutar lantarki tare da hanyoyin sadarwa na yanzu.
Yawancin irin wadannan ayyuka mafi girma a China da Indiya.Hakanan akwai manyan wurare a Brazil, Portugal da Singapore.
Wani aikin gona mai karfin hasken rana mai karfin gigawatt 2.1 da aka yi nisa a kan wani tudu dake gabar tekun Yellow Sea a Koriya ta Kudu, wanda zai kunshi na'urorin hasken rana miliyan biyar a kan wani yanki mai fadin murabba'in kilomita 30 tare da farashin dala biliyan 4, na fuskantar makoma mara tabbas tare da samun matsala. sabuwar gwamnati a Seoul.Shugaba Yoon Suk-yeol ya nuna cewa ya fi son bunkasa makamashin nukiliya fiye da hasken rana.
Sauran ayyukan gigawatt suna motsawa daga jirgin zane a Indiya da Laos, da kuma Tekun Arewa, daga bakin tekun Holland.
Fasahar ta kuma faranta ran masu tsara shirye-shirye a yankin kudu da hamadar sahara da ke da karancin wutar lantarki a duniya da kuma hasken rana.
A kasashen da suka dogara da wutar lantarki mai yawa, “akwai damuwa game da yadda samar da wutar lantarki ya kasance a lokacin fari, alal misali, tare da sauyin yanayi, muna sa ran za mu ga abubuwan da suka faru na yanayi mai tsanani.Lokacin da muke tunanin fari, akwai damar samun FPV a matsayin wani zaɓi na makamashi mai sabuntawa a cikin kayan aikinku da gaske, "in ji Sika Gadzanku, wani mai bincike a Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta National Renewable Energy Laboratory a Colorado."Don haka maimakon dogaro da yawa akan ruwa, yanzu zaku iya amfani da ƙarin FPV kuma ku rage dogaro da ruwa, a lokacin rani sosai, don amfani da hotunan hasken rana masu iyo."
Kashi 1 cikin 100 na madatsar ruwa mai amfani da wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana zai iya samar da karuwar kashi 50 cikin 100 na samar da wutar lantarki da ake samarwa a Afirka a kowace shekara, a cewar sanarwar.wani binciken da Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta bayar.
FILE - An shigar da fale-falen hasken rana a wata shukar photovoltaic da ke iyo a tafkin Haltern, Jamus, Afrilu 1, 2022.
Kalubale
Akwai yuwuwar haɗarin floatovoltaic, duk da haka.Wata shuka ta kama wuta a lardin Chiba na kasar Japan a shekarar 2019. Jami'ai sun zargi wata mahaukaciyar guguwa da ta yi canjaras da juna kan juna, lamarin da ya haifar da zafi mai tsanani tare da tayar da gobarar a ginin hekta 18 mai dauke da na'urorin hasken rana sama da 50,000 a madatsar ruwan Yamakura.
Mafi mahimmancin shingen amfani da fasaha mai faɗi, a halin yanzu, shine farashi.Yana da tsada don gina tsararru mai iyo fiye da shigarwa mai girman irin wannan akan ƙasa.Amma tare da mafi girman farashi akwai ƙarin fa'idodi: Saboda sanyaya jikin ruwa, bangarorin iyo za su iya aiki sosai fiye da na yau da kullun na hasken rana.Hakanan suna rage hasken haske da rage zafin ruwa, rage girman ci gaban algae mai cutarwa.
Wannan duk ya yi kama da alƙawarin ga jami'ai a garin Windsor da ke arewacin ƙasar giya ta California.Kusan na'urori masu amfani da hasken rana 5,000, kowannensu yana samar da watts 360 na wutar lantarki, yanzu haka suna shawagi a daya daga cikin tafkunan ruwa na Windsor.
“Dukkan su suna da alaƙa.Kowane panel yana samun nasa iyo.Kuma a zahiri suna tafiya da kyau tare da aikin igiyar ruwa da aikin iska,” .Za ku yi mamakin yadda za su iya tsotse raƙuman ruwa kawai su fitar da su ba tare da watse ko watsewa ba, ”in ji Garrett Broughton, babban injiniyan farar hula na sashen ayyukan jama'a na Windsor.
Ganyayyaki masu iyo suna da sauƙi a kan muhalli da kuma kasafin kuɗin Windsor, wanda kuɗin wutar lantarki na masana'antar ruwa ya kasance mafi girma a cikin gwamnatin gari.
Debora Fudge memba na majalisar gari ya matsa kaimi ga aikin mai karfin megawatt 1.78 akan madadin sanya na'urorin hasken rana a saman tashoshin mota.
"Suna kashe tan 350 na carbon dioxide kowace shekara.Sannan kuma suna samar da kashi 90 cikin 100 na wutar lantarkin da muke bukata na dukkan ayyukan da za a yi na kula da ruwan sha, da duk ayyukan da ake yi a farfajiyar kamfaninmu da kuma na fitar da ruwan dattin mu zuwa injin geysers, wanda filin ne na geothermal mai nisan mil 40 (mil 40). kilomita 64) arewa,” Fudge ya fadawa Muryar Amurka.
Garin ya ba da hayar kamfanonin da ke yawo daga kamfanin da ya sanya su, wanda ke ba shi kayyade farashin wutar lantarki a kan kwangilar dogon lokaci, ma’ana Windsor na biyan kusan kashi 30% na abin da ta kashe a baya kan adadin wutar lantarkin.
“Ba wai mun saka hannun jari a wani abu ba inda ba za mu sake biya ba.Muna samun koma baya yayin da muke magana.Kuma za a biya mu tsawon shekaru 25,” in ji magajin garin Windsor, Sam Salmon.
Ba a yi nufin tsarin da ke iyo ba don cika jikin ruwa ba, yana ba da damar sauran ayyuka su ci gaba, kamar su jirgin ruwa da kamun kifi.
Gadzanku na NREL ya shaidawa Muryar Amurka cewa "Ba mu yi zaton tsarin da ke iyo zai rufe dukkanin ruwa ba, yawanci kadan ne na wannan ruwa.""Ko da kawai daga hangen nesa ba kwa son ganin fa'idodin PV da ke rufe dukkan tafki."
NREL ta gano jikunan ruwa 24,419 da mutum ya yi a Amurka a matsayin wanda ya dace da wurin FPV.Filaye masu iyo da ke rufe ƙasa da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na kowane rukunin waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon na iya samar da kusan kashi 10 na makamashin Amurka.bisa ga lab.
Daga cikin wuraren akwai tafkin Smith mai fadin hekta 119, wani tafki ne da mutum ya kera wanda gundumar Stafford ta jihar Virginia ke gudanarwa don samar da ruwan sha.Hakanan wuri ne don kamun kifi na nishaɗi kusa da sansanin Quantico na Marine Corps na Amurka.
"Yawancin wadannan guraben ruwan da suka cancanta suna cikin wuraren da ruwa ke fama da tsadar tsadar filaye da tsadar wutar lantarki, yana nuna fa'idodi da yawa na fasahar FP," in ji marubutan binciken.
"Hakika wani zaɓi ne tare da fasaha da yawa da aka tabbatar a baya," in ji Gadzanku.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-20-2022